I-Drone "swarm" ibhekisela ekuhlanganisweni kwama-drones amancane angabizi kakhulu anemisebenzi eminingi ekhokhelwayo esekelwe ekwakhiweni kwesistimu evulekile, enezinzuzo zokulwa nokubhujiswa, izindleko eziphansi, ukusabalalisa kanye nezici zokuhlasela ezihlakaniphile.
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe be-drone, ukuxhumana nobuchwepheshe benethiwekhi, kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-drone emazweni emhlabeni jikelele, izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhumana ezisebenzisanayo ze-drone kanye ne-self-networking ye-drone sekuphenduke izindawo ezintsha zokucwaninga.
Isimo samanje se-China Drone Swarms
Njengamanje, i-China ingakwazi ukubona inhlanganisela yezimoto eziningi zokwethula ukwethula ama-drones angama-200 ngesikhathi ukuze kwakheke uxhaxha, okuzokhuthaza kakhulu ukwakheka okusheshayo kwamakhono okulwa neziswebezane zaseChina ezinjengokuxhumana ngokubambisana, ukwakheka okunembayo, ukuguqulwa kokwakheka, kanye ukunemba isiteleka.
NgoMeyi 2022, ithimba labacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yaseZhejiang eChina lathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe be-drone swarm obuncane obuhlakaniphile, obuvumela izixuku ze-drone ukuthi zihambe ngokukhululeka phakathi kwamahlathi ase-bamboo akhule futhi aluhlaza. Ngasikhathi sinye, izixuku ze-drone zingabuka ngokuqhubekayo futhi zihlole imvelo, futhi zilawule ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwakheka ukuze zigweme izithiyo futhi zigweme ukulimala.
Lobu buchwepheshe buxazulule ngempumelelo uchungechunge lwezinkinga ezinzima njengokuzulazula okuzenzakalelayo, ukuhlela amathrekhi, nokugwema izithiyo ezihlakaniphile ze-UAV ezindaweni ezinobuqili nezishintshayo. Ingasetshenziswa emlilweni, ogwadule, emaweni nakwezinye izindawo okunzima ukuthi abantu bafinyelele kuzo ukuze baqedele ukusesha nokuhlenga.
I-China Swarming Drones Ixhumana Kanjani Nomunye?
Inethiwekhi yezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu, eyaziwa nangokuthi inethiwekhi yama-UAV noma iinethiwekhi ye-ad hoc engenamuntu(UAANET), kusekelwe embonweni wokuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-drones amaningi akunciki ngokuphelele ezikhungweni zokuxhumana eziyisisekelo ezifana neziteshi zokulawula umhlabathi noma amasathelayithi.
Esikhundleni salokho, ama-drones asetshenziswa njengamanodi enethiwekhi. Inodi ngayinye ingadlulisela umyalo nokulawula imiyalelo kwenye, ishintshisane ngedatha efana nesimo sokubona, isimo sezempilo nokuqoqwa kobuhlakani, futhi ixhume ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kusungulwe inethiwekhi yeselula engenantambo.
Inethiwekhi ye-UAV ad hoc iwuhlobo olukhethekile lwenethiwekhi yesikhangiso engenantambo. Ayigcini nje ngokuba nezici zemvelo ze-multi-hop, ukuzihlanganisa, futhi ayinayo isikhungo, kodwa futhi inezici zayo. Izici eziyinhloko zethulwa kanje:
(1) Ukuhamba ngesivinini esiphezulu kwama-node kanye nezinguquko ezinamandla kakhulu ku-topology yenethiwekhi
Lona umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwamanethiwekhi ezikhangiso e-UAV namanethiwekhi esikhangiso avamile. Ijubane lama-UAV liphakathi kuka-30 no-460 km/h. Lokhu kunyakaza kwesivinini esikhulu kuzodala izinguquko ezinamandla kakhulu ku-topology, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi kanye nezivumelwano. Umthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwehluleka kokuxhumana kweplatifomu ye-UAV kanye nokungazinzi kwesixhumanisi sokuxhumana somugqa wokubona kuzophinde kubangele ukuphazamiseka kwesixhumanisi kanye nokubuyekezwa kwe-topology.
(2) Ukwehlukana kwama-node kanye ne-heterogeneity yenethiwekhi
Amanodi e-UAV ahlakazekile emoyeni, futhi ibanga phakathi kwama-node ngokuvamile lingamakhilomitha ambalwa. Ukuminyana kwe-node endaweni ethile yomoya kuphansi, ngakho ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi kuyinkinga ephawulekayo.
Ezinhlelweni ezingokoqobo, ama-UAV adinga ukuxhumana nezinkundla ezahlukene ezifana neziteshi ezingaphansi, amasathelayithi, izindiza ezinomuntu, kanye nezinkundla zasemkhathini eziseduze. Isakhiwo senethiwekhi esizihlelayo singase sihlanganise izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-drones noma samukele isakhiwo esisabalalisiwe esilandelanayo. Kulezi zimo, ama-node ayahluka futhi yonke inethiwekhi ingase ixhumeke ngendlela ehlukile.
(3) Amandla e-node aqinile kanye nesikhashana senethiwekhi
Imishini yokuxhumana neyekhompyutha yama-node inikezwa isikhala namandla ngama-drones. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-MANT yendabuko, amanethiwekhi azihlelayo e-drone ngokuvamile awadingi ukuthi acabangele ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-node kanye nezinkinga zamandla ekhompyutha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-GPS kunganikeza ama-node ngokuma okunembile nolwazi lwesikhathi, okwenza kube lula kuma-node ukuthola ulwazi lwawo lwendawo kanye nokuvumelanisa amawashi.
Umsebenzi wokuhlela indlela wekhompuyutha engaphakathi ungasiza ngempumelelo izinqumo zomzila. Izinhlelo eziningi ze-drone zenzelwe imisebenzi ethile, futhi ukusebenza njalo akuqinile. Endaweni ethile yomoya, kunesimo lapho ukuminyana kwe-node kuphansi futhi ukungaqiniseki kwendiza kukhulu. Ngakho-ke, inethiwekhi inemvelo yesikhashana enamandla.
(4) Ukuhluka kwezinhloso zenethiwekhi
Umgomo wamanethiwekhi e-Ad Hoc endabuko ukusungula ukuxhumana kontanga kuya kontanga, kuyilapho amanethiwekhi ezihlelayo e-drone nawo edinga ukusungula ukuxhumana kontanga kuya kontanga emsebenzini wokuhlanganisa wama-drones.
Okwesibili, amanye amanodi kunethiwekhi nawo adinga ukusebenza njengamanodi amaphakathi okuqoqwa kwedatha, afana nomsebenzi wamanethiwekhi ezinzwa ezingenantambo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusekela ukuhlangana kwethrafikhi.
Okwesithathu, inethiwekhi ingase ihlanganise izinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa, futhi amasu ahlukene okulethwa kwedatha ezinzwa ezihlukene adinga ukuqinisekiswa ngempumelelo.
Okokugcina, idatha yebhizinisi ihlanganisa izithombe, umsindo, ividiyo, njll., enezici zevolumu enkulu yokudlulisa idatha, isakhiwo sedatha ehlukahlukene, nokuzwela kokulibaziseka okuphezulu, kanye ne-QoS ehambisanayo idinga ukuqinisekiswa.
(5) Ukukhethekile kwemodeli yokuhamba
Imodeli yokuhamba inomthelela obalulekile kuphrothokholi yomzila kanye nokuphathwa kokuhamba kwamanethiwekhi e-Ad Hoc. Ngokungafani nokuhamba okungahleliwe kwe-MANET kanye nokuhamba kwe-VANET okukhawulelwe emigwaqweni, ama-drone node nawo anamaphethini awo okunyakaza ahlukile.
Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-multi-drone, ukuhlelwa kwendlela yomhlaba kuyakhethwa. Kulokhu, ukunyakaza kwama-drones kujwayelekile. Nokho, indlela yendiza yama-drones azenzakalelayo ayinqunywa kusengaphambili, futhi uhlelo lwendiza nalo lungashintsha phakathi nokusebenza.
Amamodeli amabili okuhamba ama-UAV enza imisebenzi yokuhlola:
Eyokuqala imodeli yokuhamba okungahleliwe yebhizinisi, eyenza ukunyakaza okungahleliwe okuzimele ekujikeni kwesokunxele, ukujikela kwesokudla kanye nendawo eqondile ngokuya ngenqubo enqunywe kusengaphambili ye-Markov.
Okwesibili imodeli esabalalisiwe ye-pheromone repel mobility (DPR), eqondisa ukunyakaza kwama-drones ngokwenani lama-pheromones akhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlola i-UAV futhi enezici zokusesha ezinokwethenjelwa.
i-uav ad hoc network module encane yokuxhumana okungenantambo okungu-10km
IWAVEImojuli yomsakazo ye-UANET, usayizi omncane (5*6cm) nesisindo esincane (26g) ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana kwe-10km phakathi kwama-IP MESH nodes kanye nesiteshi sokulawula umhlabathi. I-Multiple FD-61MN uav ad hoc network module ye-OEM inethiwekhi enkulu yokuxhumana yakhiwa ngoxhaxha lwe-drone, futhi ama-drones axhumene nomunye ukuze aqedele imisebenzi eyabelwe ngendlela ethile ngokuya ngesimo esikusayithi ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu. .
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-12-2024
