I-Drone "i-swarm" ibhekisela ekudityanisweni kweedrones ezincinci eziphantsi kweendleko eziphantsi kunye neentlawulo ezininzi ze-mission ezisekelwe kwi-architecture yenkqubo evulekileyo, enenzuzo yokuchasana nokutshatyalaliswa, ixabiso eliphantsi, ukuchithwa kwamagunya kunye neempawu zokuhlasela ezihlakaniphile.
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwetekhnoloji yedrone, unxibelelwano kunye netekhnoloji yenethiwekhi, kunye nemfuno eyandayo yezicelo zedrone kumazwe kwihlabathi liphela, izicelo zonxibelelwano lwe-drone ezininzi kunye ne-self-networking ziye zaba ziindawo ezintsha zophando.
Isimo sangoku se-China Drone Swarms
Okwangoku, i-China inokuqonda ukudityaniswa kweemoto ezininzi zokuphehlelelwa ukusungula iidrone ezingama-200 ngexesha ukwenza ulwakhiwo, oluya kukhuthaza kakhulu ukwakheka okukhawulezileyo kobuchwephesha bokulwa obungaphathwanga baseTshayina obufana nokunxibelelana ngokubambisana, ukubunjwa okuchanekileyo, utshintsho lokwenziwa, kunye notshintsho. ugwayimbo oluchanekileyo.
NgoMeyi ka-2022, iqela lophando elivela kwiYunivesithi yaseZhejiang e-China laphuhlisa itekhnoloji ye-drone ene-micro-intelligent swarm, evumela i-drone swarms ukuba ihambe ngokukhululekileyo phakathi kwamahlathi e-bamboo akhulileyo kunye namahlathi. Kwangelo xesha, i-drone swarms inokuqhubeka nokujonga kwaye iphonononge okusingqongileyo, kwaye ilawule ngokuzimeleyo ukubunjwa ukunqanda imiqobo kwaye ithintele umonakalo.
Le teknoloji iye yasombulula ngempumelelo uluhlu lweengxaki ezinzima ezifana nokuhamba ngokuzimeleyo, ukucwangcisa umkhondo, kunye nokuthintela umqobo onengqondo we-UAV swarms kwiindawo ezinobuqhophololo neziguquguqukayo. Ingasetyenziswa kwimililo, kwiintlango, emaweni nakwezinye iindawo ekunzima ukuba abantu bafikelele kuzo ukuze bagqibezele ukukhangela nokuhlangula.
Ngaba i-China Swarming Drones inxibelelana njani enye kwenye?
Uthungelwano lwezithuthi zasemoyeni ezingenabantu, ekwaziwa ngokuba yinethiwekhi yee-UAVs okanye iinethiwekhi ye-ad hoc engenabantu(UAANET), isekelwe kwingcamango yokuba unxibelelwano phakathi kweedrones ezininzi aluxhomekekanga ngokupheleleyo kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano ezisisiseko ezifana nezikhululo zokulawula umhlaba okanye iisathelayithi.
Endaweni yoko, iidrones zisetyenziswa njengeendawo zenethiwekhi. I-node nganye inokuthumela umyalelo kunye nokulawula imiyalelo komnye nomnye, idatha yotshintshiselwano efana nesimo sombono, isimo sezempilo kunye nokuqokelela kwengqondo, kwaye udibanise ngokuzenzekelayo ukuseka inethiwekhi yeselula engenazintambo.
Inethiwekhi ye-UAV ye-ad hoc yindlela ekhethekileyo yothungelwano olungenazingcingo lwe-ad hoc. Ayinayo nje impawu zendalo ye-multi-hop, ukuzilungelelanisa, kwaye akukho ziko, kodwa ikwanayo neyodwa. Iimpawu eziphambili zaziswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(1) Isantya esiphezulu sokuhamba kwee-nodes kunye neenguqu ezinamandla kakhulu kwi-topology yenethiwekhi
Lo ngowona mahluko ubalulekileyo phakathi kweenethiwekhi ze-ad hoc ze-UAV kunye neenethiwekhi ze-ad hoc zesiqhelo. Isantya se-UAV siphakathi kwe-30 kunye ne-460 km / h. Le ntshukumo enesantya esiphezulu iya kubangela utshintsho oluguquguqukayo kakhulu kwi-topology, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela unxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi kunye neeprothokholi. Impembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni.
Ngexesha elifanayo, ukungaphumeleli konxibelelwano lweqonga le-UAV kunye nokungazinzi komgca wonxibelelwano wokubona kuya kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwekhonkco kunye nokuhlaziywa kwe-topology.
(2) Ubuninzi bee-nodes kunye ne-heterogeneity yenethiwekhi
Ii-UAV nodes zithe saa emoyeni, kwaye umgama phakathi kweendawo zokuhlala udla ngokuba ziikhilomitha eziliqela. Ukuxinana kweendawo zomoya kwindawo ethile yomoya kuphantsi, ngoko ke uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi ngumba obalulekileyo.
Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ii-UAVs zikwafuna ukunxibelelana namaqonga ahlukeneyo afana nezikhululo eziphantsi komhlaba, iisathelayithi, iinqwelo-moya eziphathwayo, kunye namaqonga akufutshane asemajukujukwini. Isakhiwo sothungelwano esizilungelelanisayo sinokubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeedrone okanye samkele isakhiwo esisasazwayo se-hierarchical. Kwezi meko, ii-nodes zi-heterogeneous kwaye yonke inethiwekhi inokudityaniswa ngokungafaniyo.
(3) Izakhono ze-node ezinamandla kunye nexesha lenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi
Izixhobo zonxibelelwano kunye nekhompyuter yeenodi zibonelelwa ngendawo kunye namandla ngeedrones. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-MANT yendabuko, i-drone self-organizating networks ngokubanzi ayifuni kuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-node kunye nemiba yamandla ekhompyutheni.
Usetyenziso lweGPS lunokubonelela ngeendawo ezichanekileyo zokuma kunye neenkcukacha zexesha, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba iindawo zifumane ulwazi lwendawo yazo kunye nokulungelelanisa iiwotshi.
Umsebenzi wocwangciso lwendlela yekhompyuter ekwibhodi unokunceda ngokufanelekileyo izigqibo zendlela. Uninzi lwezicelo zedrone zenzelwe imisebenzi ethile, kwaye ukusebenza rhoqo akunamandla. Kwindawo ethile yomoya, kukho imeko apho ubuninzi be-node buphantsi kwaye ukungaqiniseki kwendiza kukhulu. Ngoko ke, inethwekhi inesimo esinamandla okwethutyana.
(4) Ukungafani kweenjongo zenethiwekhi
Injongo yothungelwano lwe-Ad Hoc yemveli kukuseka unxibelelwano loontanga-kuya-ntanga, ngelixa i-drone i-self-organizeng networks nayo ifuna ukuseka unxibelelwano lontanga kunye nomsebenzi wokulungelelanisa we-drones.
Okwesibini, ezinye iindawo kwinethiwekhi nazo kufuneka zisebenze njengeendawo eziphambili zokuqokelelwa kwedatha, zifana nomsebenzi wothungelwano lweenzwa ezingenazintambo. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuxhasa ukuhlanganiswa kwezithuthi.
Okwesithathu, uthungelwano lunokubandakanya iindidi ezininzi zeenzwa, kunye nezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zokuhanjiswa kwedatha kwiinzwa ezahlukeneyo kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ekugqibeleni, idatha yezoshishino ibandakanya imifanekiso, i-audio, ividiyo, njl., eneempawu zomthamo omkhulu wedatha yokudlulisa, isakhiwo sedatha ehlukeneyo, kunye nokulibaziseka okuphezulu, kunye ne-QoS ehambelana nayo kufuneka iqinisekiswe.
(5) Ubungcali bemodeli yokuhamba
Imodeli yokuhamba inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiprotocol yomzila kunye nokulawulwa kokuhamba kweenethiwekhi ze-Ad Hoc. Ngokungafaniyo nentshukumo engaqhelekanga ye-MANET kunye nokuhamba kwe-VANET ekhawulelwe ezindleleni, ii-drone node nazo zineendlela zazo zokuhamba ezizodwa.
Kwezinye ii-multi-drone izicelo, ukucwangciswa kwendlela yehlabathi kuyakhethwa. Kule meko, ukuhamba kweedrones rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokubhabha ye-drones ezenzekelayo ayimiselwanga kwangaphambili, kwaye isicwangciso senqwelomoya sinokutshintsha ngexesha lokusebenza.
Iimodeli ezimbini zokushukumiseka zee-UAV ezenza imisebenzi yokuhlola:
Eyokuqala liziko imodeli ukuhamba random, eyenza probabilistic ezizimeleyo iintshukumo random kwijiko ekhohlo, ujiko ekunene kunye nesalathiso ngqo ngokwenkqubo Markov kwangaphambili.
Okwesibini yi-pheromone repel mobility model (DPR) esasazwayo, ekhokela ukuhamba kweedrones ngokwexabiso leepheromones eziveliswe ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhangela i-UAV kwaye ineempawu ezithembekileyo zokukhangela.
uav ad hoc network modyuli encinci ye-10km yonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo
IWAVEImodyuli yerediyo ye-UANET, ubungakanani obuncinci (5 * 6cm) kunye nobunzima obulula (26g) ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano lwe-10km phakathi kwe-IP MESH nodes kunye nesikhululo sokulawula umhlaba. Iimodyuli ezininzi ze-FD-61MN uav ad hoc imodyuli ye-OEM yokwakha uthungelwano olukhulu lonxibelelwano lwakhiwe nge-drone swarm, kwaye iidrones ziqhagamshelwe enye kwenye ukuze zigqibezele imisebenzi eyabelweyo kulwakhiwo oluthile ngokwemeko yendawo ngexesha lokuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu. .
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-12-2024
