Fasaha ta MIMO tana amfani da eriya da yawa don watsawa da karɓar sigina a filin sadarwa mara waya.Eriya da yawa na duka masu watsawa da masu karɓa suna haɓaka aikin sadarwa sosai.Ana amfani da fasahar MIMO galibi a cikisadarwar wayar hannufilayen, wannan fasaha na iya haɓaka ƙarfin tsarin, kewayon ɗaukar hoto, da sigina-zuwa amo rabo (SNR).
1.Ma'anar MIMO
Fasahar Sadarwar Sadarwar MIMO Wireless ita ce ake kira fasahar Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put), kuma ana iya kiranta da fasahar Multiple Transmit Multiple Receive Eriya (MTMRA, Multiple Transmit Multiple Receive Antenna).
Asalin ka'idarsa ita ce amfani da eriya masu watsawa da yawa da karɓar eriya a ƙarshen watsawa da karɓar ƙarshen bi da bi, da kuma iya bambance siginonin da aka aika zuwa ko daga wurare daban-daban.Hakanan yana iya haɓaka ƙarfin tsarin, ɗaukar hoto da rabon sigina-zuwa-amo ba tare da haɓaka bandwidth da watsa wutar lantarki ba, da haɓaka ingancin watsa siginar mara waya.
Ya bambanta da hanyoyin sarrafa sigina na gargajiya domin yana nazarin matsalolin sarrafa siginar daga bangarorin lokaci da sararin samaniya.Kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa, wannan shine tsarin MIMO tare da eriyar Nt da Nr a mai watsawa da mai karɓa bi da bi.
Tsarin MIMO mai sauƙi
2.Rarraba MIMO
Dangane da yanayi daban-daban da mahallin mara waya daban-daban, waɗannan su ne hanyoyin aiki na MIMO guda huɗu waɗanda aka saba amfani da su: SISO, MISO da SIMO.
3.Muhimman ra'ayoyi a cikin MIMO
Akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa da ke cikin MIMO, mafi mahimmancin su sune abubuwa uku masu zuwa: bambance-bambance, haɓakawa da haɓakawa.
Bambance-bambance da yawa suna nufin hanyoyin aiki guda biyu na fasahar MIMO.Anan za mu nuna muku mahimman ra'ayoyi da farko.
●Diversity: yana nufin watsa sigina iri ɗaya akan hanyoyin watsa masu zaman kansu da yawa.Wato, sigina iri ɗaya, tashoshi masu zaman kansu.
●Multiplexing: yana nufin watsa sigina masu zaman kansu da yawa akan hanyar watsawa iri ɗaya.Wato, sigina daban-daban, tashoshi gama gari.
Anan muna amfani da tebur don nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin su a taƙaice.
| Yanayin aiki | Manufar | Hanyoyi | Yana nufin |
| Bambance-bambance | Inganta dogara | Rage faɗuwa | coding-lokaci |
| Multiplexing | Inganta kayan aiki | Yi amfani da faduwa | Tsakanin sararin samaniya |
A ƙarshe, bari mu yi magana game da beamforming.Anan kuma za mu ba ku ainihin ra'ayi: fasaha ce ta sarrafa sigina wacce ke amfani da tsarin firikwensin don aikawa da karɓar sigina ta hanya.Shi ne don sanya siginar da eriya ta aika ta zama mafi kwatance, zai fi dacewa a nuna shi daidai ga mai amfani ba tare da wani yayyo makamashi ba.
●A cikin yanayin 1, tsarin eriya yana haskaka kusan adadin kuzari a duk kwatance.Ba tare da la’akari da tazarar da ke tsakanin masu amfani da uku da tashar tashar ba, duk da cewa kowane mai amfani zai iya samun wutar lantarki daidai gwargwado, amma har yanzu akwai adadi mai yawa na sigina da ya tarwatse a cikin sararin samaniya, wanda ke haifar da asarar makamashi a tashar.
●A cikin akwati na 2, hasken wutar lantarki na eriya yana da matsayi mai mahimmanci, wato, makamashi yana da girma kamar yadda zai yiwu a cikin hanyar da mai amfani ya kasance kuma an kusan rarraba makamashi a cikin kwatance marasa amfani.Fasahar da ke tsara siginar eriya ita ce abin da muke kira beamforming.
4.Amfanin MIMO
● Inganta ƙarfin tashar
Tsarin MIMO na iya ƙara ƙarfin tashoshi ƙarƙashin babban yanayin sigina-zuwa amo kuma ana iya amfani dashi ƙarƙashin yanayin da mai watsawa ba zai iya samun bayanan tashoshi ba.Hakanan yana iya haɓaka ƙimar watsa bayanai ba tare da haɓaka bandwidth da ikon watsa eriya ba, don haka haɓaka amfani da bakan.
●Ingantattun amincin tashar
Yin amfani da fasaha mai yawa na sararin samaniya da tashoshi na MIMO ke bayarwa na iya haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na tsarin da ƙara yawan watsawa.
Kammalawa
Saukewa: FDM-6680ƙananan SwaP ne, radiyon MIMO mai rahusa 2 × 2 yana ba da ɗaukar hoto mai tsayi a faɗin wurare masu faɗin aiki tare da ƙimar bayanan 100-120Mbps.Karin bayani da fatan za a ziyarciIWAVEgidan yanar gizo.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-18-2023
