Drone "swarm" yana nufin haɗuwa da ƙananan ƙananan jiragen sama marasa tsada tare da nauyin biyan kuɗi da yawa bisa tsarin gine-ginen budewa, wanda ke da fa'ida na lalata lalacewa, ƙananan farashi, ƙaddamarwa da halayen kai hari.
Tare da saurin haɓaka fasahar jirgin sama, sadarwa da fasahar sadarwa, da karuwar buƙatun aikace-aikacen jiragen sama a cikin ƙasashe na duniya, aikace-aikacen haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwar jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu da sadar da kai sun zama sabbin wuraren bincike.
Halin halin da ake ciki a halin yanzu da jiragen ruwa marasa matuki na China
A halin yanzu, kasar Sin za ta iya fahimtar hadewar motocin harba jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu guda 200 a lokaci guda, don samar da gungun gungun mutane, wanda hakan zai sa kaimi ga saurin samar da karfin yaki da gungun jama'a marasa matuka na kasar Sin, kamar hada-hadar sadarwar hadin gwiwa, da samar da daidaiton tsari, da sauya salo, da kuma samar da ci gaba mai inganci. daidaitaccen yajin aiki.
A watan Mayun shekarar 2022, wata tawagar bincike daga jami'ar Zhejiang ta kasar Sin ta ƙera fasahar swarm maras amfani da ƙananan fasaha, wanda ke ba da damar ɗimbin gungun marasa matuƙa su yi zirga-zirga cikin 'yanci a tsakanin dazuzzukan bamboo masu girma da kuma ƙazanta. A lokaci guda kuma, gungun jiragen sama marasa matuki na iya ci gaba da lura da kuma bincika muhallin, kuma su sarrafa yadda ake samu da kansu don gujewa cikas da gujewa lalacewa.
Wannan fasaha ta sami nasarar warware jerin matsaloli masu wuyar gaske kamar kewayawa mai cin gashin kai, tsara waƙa, da kuma nisantar hani na fasaha na UAV a cikin mayaudari da mahalli masu canzawa. Ana iya amfani da shi a cikin gobara, hamada, tsaunin dutse da sauran wuraren da ke da wahalar isa ga mutane don kammala ayyukan bincike da ceto.
Ta yaya kasar Sin da ke kwararowar jiragen sama marasa matuka ke mu'amala da juna?
Cibiyar sadarwa ta iska mara matuki, kuma aka sani da cibiyar sadarwar UAVs ko kumacibiyar sadarwar ad hoc mara matuki(UAANET), ya dogara ne a kan ra'ayin cewa sadarwa tsakanin jiragen sama marasa matuki da yawa ba ta dogara gaba ɗaya ga hanyoyin sadarwa na yau da kullun kamar tashoshin sarrafa ƙasa ko tauraron dan adam ba.
Maimakon haka, ana amfani da jirage marasa matuka a matsayin nodes na cibiyar sadarwa. Kowace kumburi na iya tura umarni da sarrafa umarni ga juna, musanya bayanai kamar matsayin fahimta, matsayin lafiya da tattara bayanan sirri, kuma ta haɗa kai tsaye don kafa hanyar sadarwar wayar hannu mara waya.
UAV ad hoc cibiyar sadarwa ce ta musamman ta hanyar sadarwar ad hoc mara waya. Ba wai kawai yana da halaye na ainihi na Multi-hop ba, tsarin kai, kuma babu cibiya, amma kuma yana da nasa musamman. An gabatar da manyan siffofi kamar haka:
(1) Babban motsi na nodes da canje-canje masu ƙarfi a cikin topology na cibiyar sadarwa
Wannan shine babban bambanci tsakanin cibiyoyin sadarwa na UAV da cibiyoyin sadarwar ad hoc na gargajiya. Gudun UAVs yana tsakanin 30 zuwa 460 km/h. Wannan motsi mai sauri zai haifar da sauye-sauye masu ƙarfi a cikin topology, don haka ya shafi haɗin yanar gizo da ka'idoji. Mummunan tasiri akan aiki.
A lokaci guda, gazawar sadarwa na dandalin UAV da rashin kwanciyar hankali na hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar gani zai haifar da katsewar haɗin gwiwa da sabuntawar topology.
(2) Rarrabuwar nodes da bambancin hanyoyin sadarwa
Nodes na UAV suna warwatse a cikin iska, kuma nisa tsakanin nodes yawanci kilomita da yawa ne. Ƙunƙarar kumburi a cikin wani sararin sararin samaniya ba shi da ƙasa, don haka haɗin yanar gizo lamari ne mai mahimmanci.
A aikace-aikace masu amfani, UAVs kuma suna buƙatar sadarwa tare da dandamali daban-daban kamar tashoshi na ƙasa, tauraron dan adam, jirage masu aiki, da kuma kusa da dandamali na sararin samaniya. Tsarin hanyar sadarwar da ke shirya kai na iya haɗawa da nau'ikan jirage marasa matuki daban-daban ko ɗaukar tsarin rarrabawa na matsayi. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, nodes ɗin suna da alaƙa iri-iri kuma gabaɗayan cibiyar sadarwa na iya kasancewa da haɗin kai iri-iri.
(3) Ƙarfin ƙuri'a mai ƙarfi da ɗan lokaci na hanyar sadarwa
Na'urorin sadarwa da na'urorin kwamfuta na nodes suna samar da sararin samaniya da makamashi ta jiragen sama marasa matuka. Idan aka kwatanta da MANET na al'ada, cibiyoyin sadarwa masu sarrafa kansu gabaɗaya ba sa buƙatar yin la'akari da yawan kuzarin kumburi da al'amuran wutar lantarki.
Aikace-aikacen GPS na iya ba da nodes tare da daidaitaccen matsayi da bayanan lokaci, yana sauƙaƙa wa nodes don samun bayanan wurinsu da aiki tare da agogo.
Ayyukan tsara hanya na kwamfutar da ke kan jirgin na iya taimakawa yadda ya kamata wajen yanke shawara. Yawancin aikace-aikacen drone ana aiwatar da su don takamaiman ayyuka, kuma tsarin aiki na yau da kullun ba shi da ƙarfi. A cikin wani yanayi na sararin samaniya, akwai yanayi inda ƙarancin kumburi ya ragu kuma rashin tabbas na jirgin yana da girma. Saboda haka, hanyar sadarwar tana da yanayin ɗan lokaci mai ƙarfi.
(4) Bambance-bambancen manufofin cibiyar sadarwa
Manufar hanyoyin sadarwar Ad Hoc na al'ada ita ce kafa haɗin kai-da-tsara, yayin da cibiyoyin sadarwar kai-da-kai kuma suna buƙatar kafa haɗin kai-da-tsara don aikin daidaitawar jiragen sama.
Abu na biyu, wasu nodes a cikin hanyar sadarwar kuma suna buƙatar yin aiki a matsayin kuɗaɗɗen tsakiya don tattara bayanai, kama da aikin hanyoyin sadarwar firikwensin mara waya. Saboda haka, wajibi ne don tallafawa tarawar zirga-zirga.
Na uku, hanyar sadarwar na iya haɗawa da nau'ikan na'urori masu auna firikwensin, kuma dabarun isar da bayanai daban-daban na na'urori daban-daban suna buƙatar garanti yadda ya kamata.
A ƙarshe, bayanan kasuwanci sun haɗa da hotuna, sauti, bidiyo, da dai sauransu, waɗanda ke da halayen babban girman bayanan watsawa, tsarin bayanai daban-daban, da jinkirin jinkiri mai yawa, kuma QoS yana buƙatar tabbatarwa.
(5) Musamman na samfurin motsi
Samfurin motsi yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ka'idar tuƙi da sarrafa motsi na hanyoyin sadarwar Ad Hoc. Ba kamar bazuwar motsi na MANET da motsi na VANET iyakance ga hanyoyi ba, nodes ɗin drone suma suna da nasu salon motsi na musamman.
A cikin wasu aikace-aikacen jiragen ruwa masu yawa, an fi son tsara hanyoyin duniya. A wannan yanayin, motsi na jiragen sama na yau da kullum ne. Koyaya, ba'a ƙayyadadden hanyar tashin jirage masu sarrafa kansu ba, kuma shirin jirgin yana iya canzawa yayin aiki.
Samfuran motsi guda biyu don UAVs suna yin ayyukan leken asiri:
Na farko shine ƙirar motsi bazuwar mahaɗan, wanda ke aiwatar da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu masu yuwuwa a cikin hagu, juyowar dama da madaidaiciyar hanya bisa ga ƙayyadaddun tsari na Markov.
Na biyu shi ne samfurin pheromone repel mobility model (DPR) da aka rarraba, wanda ke jagorantar motsi na jiragen sama bisa ga adadin pheromones da aka samar a lokacin aikin bincike na UAV kuma yana da ingantaccen halayen bincike.
uav ad hoc ƙaramin module don sadarwar mara waya ta kilomita 10
IWAVEUANET tsarin rediyo, ƙaramin girman (5*6cm) da nauyi mai sauƙi (26g) don tabbatar da sadarwar 10km tsakanin nodes na IP MESH da tashar sarrafa ƙasa. Multiple FD-61MN uav ad hoc cibiyar sadarwa OEM module gina babbar hanyar sadarwa da aka gina ta hanyar da drones swarm, da drones suna hade da juna don kammala ayyukan da aka sanya a cikin wani tsari bisa ga halin da ake ciki a kan-site halin da ake ciki a high gudun motsi. .
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-12-2024
